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  • Position statement

    Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Hospitalized Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa

    Journal of Adolescent Health
    Vol. 71Issue 4p517–520Published in issue: October, 2022
    • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
    Cited in Scopus: 2
      Refeeding hypophosphatemia in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa is correlated with degree of malnutrition, with a high index of suspicion for severely malnourished patients (<70% median body mass index). Weight history (greater magnitude or rate of weight loss prior to admission) regardless of presentation weight has also been associated with lower serum phosphate. Higher energy meal-based refeeding starting at 2,000 kcal has not been shown to be associated with higher rates of refeeding hypophosphatemia than the traditional standard of care, lower energy refeeding.
    • Position paper

      Medical Management of Restrictive Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults

      Journal of Adolescent Health
      Vol. 71Issue 5p648–654Published online: September 1, 2022
      • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
      Cited in Scopus: 2
        The medical provider plays an important role in the management of adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with restrictive eating disorders (EDs), including anorexia nervosa (AN), atypical anorexia nervosa, and avoidant/restrictive food intake disorder. The focus of this article is the medical management of AYAs with restrictive EDs, which can be performed by a number of different medical providers, including pediatricians, family physicians, internists, nurse practitioners, and, in some countries, psychiatrists.
      • Position paper

        COVID Vaccines in Adolescents and Young Adults

        Journal of Adolescent Health
        Vol. 70Issue 6p1002–1005Published in issue: June, 2022
        • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
        Cited in Scopus: 0
          Worldwide, a number of COVID-19 vaccines have been approved or granted Emergency Use Authorization (EUA) or Emergency Use Listing for adolescents and young adults (AYA), which has brought hope to many across the globe. Extension of the EUA for a COVID-19 vaccine to children and adolescents aged 5 through 15 years is exciting news for children, adolescents, parents, and providers of AYA. Many countries around the globe have extended immunization against COVID-19 to younger age groups. At the same time, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to a decrease globally in administration of other adolescent vaccines.
        • Position paper

          Recommendations for Promoting the Health and Well-being of Sexual and Gender–diverse Adolescents Through Supportive Families and Affirming Support Networks

          Journal of Adolescent Health
          Vol. 70Issue 4p692–696Published online: February 15, 2022
          • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
          Cited in Scopus: 0
            Adolescent and young adult (AYA) health care providers (HCPs) frequently serve sexual and gender–diverse (SGD) youth. Sexual orientation refers to a person's sexual identity in relation to the gender(s) to which they are attracted. Gender-diverse, sometimes addressed as gender-expansive, persons are a subset of the population whose gender identity, expressions, or behaviors differ from those typically associated with the sex they were assigned at birth in the society in which they live. These constructs may develop separately, and terminology should acknowledge and include the broad range of SGD identities that exist.
          • Position paper

            Medication for Adolescents and Young Adults With Opioid Use Disorder

            Journal of Adolescent Health
            Vol. 68Issue 3p632–636Published online: January 21, 2021
            • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
            Cited in Scopus: 11
              Opioid-related morbidity and mortality have risen in many settings globally. It is critical that practitioners who work with adolescents and young adults (AYAs) provide timely, evidence-based treatment for opioid use disorder (OUD). Such treatment should include medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), including buprenorphine, naltrexone, and methadone. Medication treatment is associated with reduced mortality, fewer relapses to opioid use, and enhanced recovery and retention in addiction care, among other positive health outcomes.
            • Position paper

              Preventing Nutritional Disorders in Adolescents by Encouraging a Healthy Relationship With Food

              Journal of Adolescent Health
              Vol. 67Issue 6p875–879Published in issue: December, 2020
              • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
              Cited in Scopus: 1
                Nutritional disorders, including overweight, underweight, and/or nutrient deficiency, are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality. These disorders are frequently related to abnormal patterns of eating and/or physical activity, which commonly begin in adolescence and persist into adulthood. Abnormal eating and exercise behaviors may stem from an unhealthy relationship with food, which often takes root in preadolescence or early adolescence. To prevent eating disorders, overweight, underweight, and nutritional deficiencies in adolescence and beyond, health care providers need to proactively support early adolescents and their caregivers to develop a healthy relationship with food and their bodies.
              • Position paper

                Improving Integration of Behavioral Health Into Primary Care for Adolescents and Young Adults

                Journal of Adolescent Health
                Vol. 67Issue 2p302–306Published online: July 2, 2020
                • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                Cited in Scopus: 2
                  Problems related to mood, substance use, anxiety, body image issues, post-traumatic stress, and suicidality are common in adolescence and become even more common in young adulthood. Integrated behavioral health (IBH) in primary care has shown great promise in identifying and treating adolescents and young adults who have these problems. Treatment outcomes in IBH settings outperform those in usual primary care settings where a primary care provider may identify behavioral health problems and refer youth to colocated or outside behavioral health specialists.
                • Position paper

                  Promoting Health Equality and Nondiscrimination for Transgender and Gender-Diverse Youth

                  Journal of Adolescent Health
                  Vol. 66Issue 6p761–765Published in issue: June, 2020
                  • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                  Cited in Scopus: 12
                    Adolescent and young adult health-care providers often care for transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) youth—youth whose gender identity is incongruent with the gender assigned to them at birth. This patient population faces health challenges distinct from their cisgender peers (i.e., youth whose gender identity aligns with their assigned gender at birth), which include the health impacts from gender dysphoria and from societal stigma and discrimination. SAHM encourages adolescent and young adult health-care providers to receive training in providing culturally effective, evidence-based care for TGD youth; calls for more research on gender-affirming health care; and advocates for policies that protect the rights of TGD youth and minimize barriers to attaining healthcare.
                  • Position paper

                    Transition to Adulthood for Youth With Chronic Conditions and Special Health Care Needs

                    Journal of Adolescent Health
                    Vol. 66Issue 5p631–634Published in issue: May, 2020
                    • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                    Cited in Scopus: 17
                      In 2003, the Society for Adolescent Medicine issued a position paper joining the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American Academy of Family Physicians, and the American College of Physicians in endorsing a national consensus statement regarding successful transition to adult care, for all young people, including youth with special health care needs. This consensus statement was followed by a clinical report in 2011, which was updated in 2018. Since the original publication, the development of professional guidelines, several iterations of U.S.-based national survey data, and a growing global evidence base characterizing the consequences of suboptimal transitions have advanced the field of health care transition substantially.
                    • Position paper

                      Preventing Firearm Violence in Youth Through Evidence-Informed Strategies

                      Journal of Adolescent Health
                      Vol. 66Issue 2p260–264Published in issue: February, 2020
                      • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                      Cited in Scopus: 6
                        Firearm injuries are the leading cause of death for adolescents and young adults (AYA) aged 12–24 years in the U.S. The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine (SAHM) believes that a comprehensive approach addressing firearm access for AYA can decrease the morbidity and mortality that AYA experience due to firearms. SAHM's position paper builds on the 2005 position statement, the scientific literature, and expert opinion. SAHM believes that the safest home for AYA is one without firearms. If firearms are present, they must be stored unloaded, locked up, with ammunition locked and stored separately.
                      • Position paper

                        Crisis Pregnancy Centers in the U.S.: Lack of Adherence to Medical and Ethical Practice Standards: A Joint Position Statement of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine and the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology

                        Journal of Adolescent Health
                        Vol. 65Issue 6p821–824Published online: October 28, 2019
                        • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine and the North American Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology
                        Cited in Scopus: 7
                          Crisis pregnancy centers (CPCs) attempt to dissuade pregnant people from considering abortion, often using misinformation and unethical practices. While mimicking health care clinics, CPCs provide biased, limited, and inaccurate health information, including incomplete pregnancy options counseling and unscientific sexual and reproductive health information. The centers do not provide or refer for abortion or contraception but often advertise in ways that give the appearance that they do provide these services without disclosing the biased nature and marked limitations of their services.
                        • Position statement

                          Advocating for Adolescent and Young Adult Male Sexual and Reproductive Health: A Position Statement From the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                          Journal of Adolescent Health
                          Vol. 63Issue 5p657–661Published in issue: November, 2018
                          • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                          Cited in Scopus: 13
                            There is a critical need to improve the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) education and care of adolescent and young adult (AYA) males around the globe, as SRH is a basic human right for all AYAs. This special attention toward the SRH of AYA males is warranted given the fact that they often have difficulty accessing SRH services and education relative to their female counterparts and have higher rates of sexual risk behaviors than females. To promote AYA males’ SRH and the health of their sexual partners and children, the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine (SAHM) recommends that leaders in research, policy, public health, and clinical practice develop and implement evidence-based, comprehensive SRH education that supports AYA males at school, within communities and families, and through healthcare services that are developmentally appropriate, gender affirming, inclusive of, and informed by AYA males.
                          • Position paper

                            HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Medication for Adolescents and Young Adults: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                            Journal of Adolescent Health
                            Vol. 63Issue 4p513–516Published in issue: October, 2018
                            • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                            Cited in Scopus: 22
                              Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a biomedical prevention intervention that has demonstrated high efficacy in reducing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission. While an increasing number of jurisdictions have endorsed the use of emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (FTC/TDF) for PrEP, access to PrEP varies widely. Adolescents and young adults (AYAs), especially those at high risk of HIV acquisition, such as young gay, bisexual, and other men having sex with men (YGBMSM) and individuals living in countries where HIV is endemic, face multiple barriers that limit their access to PrEP.
                            • Position paper

                              Condom Availability in Schools: A Practical Approach to the Prevention of Sexually Transmitted Infection/HIV and Unintended Pregnancy

                              Journal of Adolescent Health
                              Vol. 60Issue 6p754–757Published in issue: June, 2017
                              • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                              Cited in Scopus: 8
                                Adolescents and young adults are highly impacted by sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and unplanned pregnancy in the United States and globally. Consistent and correct use of male latex condoms is associated with protection against both STIs and pregnancy. Providing adolescents and young adults with access to free condoms in schools may increase the use of condoms by improving condom availability, eliminating cost, and decreasing embarrassment associated with purchasing condoms. Studies demonstrate that condom availability in schools is associated with the increased use of condoms and improved overall sexual health.
                              • Position statement

                                Young Adult Health and Well-Being: A Position Statement of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                Journal of Adolescent Health
                                Vol. 60Issue 6p758–759Published in issue: June, 2017
                                • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                Cited in Scopus: 58
                                  Young adulthood is a unique and critical period of development during which unmet health needs and disparities in access to appropriate care, health status, and mortality rates are high. This is a time when purposeful prevention and intervention strategies may still alter trajectories and decrease threats to health along the adult life course. The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine provides leadership, advocacy, and supports health policies, practice recommendations, and research that specifically help to ensure the health and well-being of young adults.
                                • Position paper

                                  Preventing and Treating Adolescent Obesity: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                  Journal of Adolescent Health
                                  Vol. 59Issue 5p602–606Published in issue: November, 2016
                                  • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                  Cited in Scopus: 24
                                    Adolescent obesity is an international problem that is a major public health concern with short- and long-term health consequences. Its prevention and treatment require that all health care professionals (HCPs) work together. To date, very little evidence supports effective treatment approaches for adolescents.
                                  • Position paper
                                    Open Access

                                    International Youth Justice Systems: Promoting Youth Development and Alternative Approaches: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                    Journal of Adolescent Health
                                    Vol. 59Issue 4p482–486Published in issue: October, 2016
                                    • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                    Cited in Scopus: 15
                                      Youth incarceration is an international public health concern among developed and developing countries. Worldwide, youth are held in incarceration, detention, and other secure settings that are inappropriate for their age and developmental stages, jeopardizing their prosocial development, and reintegration into society. Youth incarceration lacks evidence and cost-effectiveness. The well-being of youth is a key indicator of the welfare of families, communities, and society at large; therefore, the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine (SAHM) supports a paradigm shift in the role of the justice system as it relates to treatment of youth.
                                    • Position paper

                                      Confidentiality Protections for Adolescents and Young Adults in the Health Care Billing and Insurance Claims Process

                                      Journal of Adolescent Health
                                      Vol. 58Issue 3p374–377Published in issue: March, 2016
                                      • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                      • and the American Academy of Pediatrics
                                      Cited in Scopus: 65
                                        The importance of protecting confidential health care for adolescents and young adults is well documented. State and federal confidentiality protections exist for both minors and young adults, although the laws vary among states, particularly for minors. However, such confidentiality is potentially violated by billing practices and in the processing of health insurance claims. To address this problem, policies and procedures should be established so that health care billing and insurance claims processes do not impede the ability of providers to deliver essential health care services on a confidential basis to adolescents and young adults covered as dependents on a family's health insurance plan.
                                      • Position paper

                                        Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine: Medical Management of Restrictive Eating Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults

                                        Journal of Adolescent Health
                                        Vol. 56Issue 1p121–125Published in issue: January, 2015
                                        • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                        Cited in Scopus: 152
                                          The medical provider plays an important role in the management of adolescents and young adults with restrictive eating disorders including anorexia nervosa. This position paper clarifies the role of the medical provider in diagnosing and treating eating disorders, proposes an evidence-based method for determining degree of malnutrition, and advocates for standardization of terminology and consistency in the use of terms referring to ideal, expected, or median body weight. The need for medical monitoring at each level of care is underscored.
                                        • Position statement

                                          Refeeding Hypophosphatemia in Hospitalized Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: A Position Statement of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                          Journal of Adolescent Health
                                          Vol. 55Issue 3p455–457Published in issue: September, 2014
                                          • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                          Cited in Scopus: 36
                                            Refeeding hypophosphatemia in hospitalized adolescents with anorexia nervosa is correlated with degree of malnutrition. Therefore, when initiating nutritional rehabilitation, clinicians should have a heightened awareness of the possibility of refeeding hypophosphatemia in severely malnourished patients (<70% median body mass index).
                                          • Position paper

                                            Sexual and Reproductive Health Care: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                            Journal of Adolescent Health
                                            Vol. 54Issue 4p491–496Published in issue: April, 2014
                                            • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                            Cited in Scopus: 91
                                              Sexual and reproductive health (SRH) is an important aspect of normal adolescent growth and development that encompasses biological sex, gender roles and identity, sexual orientation, sexual behavior, and reproduction [1,2]. Achieving healthy adolescent sexual development involves managing the many physical, social, and emotional changes experienced during adolescence. Medically accurate and developmentally appropriate SRH education and barrier-free access to related clinical services [3] contribute to successful navigation of this developmental task.
                                            • Position paper

                                              Recommendations for Electronic Health Record Use for Delivery of Adolescent Health Care

                                              Journal of Adolescent Health
                                              Vol. 54Issue 4p487–490Published in issue: April, 2014
                                              • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                              • Susan Hayden Gray
                                              • Ryan H. Pasternak
                                              • Holly C. Gooding
                                              • Kathy Woodward
                                              • Kirsten Hawkins
                                              • Susan Sawyer
                                              • Arash Anoshiravani
                                              Cited in Scopus: 52
                                                Adolescents stand to benefit greatly from improved electronic access to reliable health information and health care. Use of electronic health records (EHRs) can potentially improve health care accessibility, effectiveness, and safety but can create challenges for the ongoing protection of patient confidentiality and privacy. Protection of adolescent confidentiality as dictated by applicable laws is a responsibility shared by EHR vendors, hospital and clinic administrators, clinicians, patients, and families.
                                              • Position statement

                                                Influenza Vaccine: An Updated Position Statement of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                                Journal of Adolescent Health
                                                Vol. 54Issue 2p241–242Published in issue: February, 2014
                                                • Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                                Cited in Scopus: 2
                                                  Globally each year, 5%–10% of adults and 20%–30% of children experience influenza infections [1]. During the 2009–2010 H1N1 influenza pandemic, these rates were higher and children and adolescents were disproportionately affected [2]. Specifically, in the United States this pandemic was estimated to have caused 86,000 hospitalizations and 1,280 deaths among children 0–17 years of age [2]. Worldwide, it is estimated that there were 44,500 deaths among youth 0–17 years attributable to pandemic influenza infection [3].
                                                • Position paper

                                                  Adolescent Consent for Vaccination: A Position Paper of the Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine

                                                  Journal of Adolescent Health
                                                  Vol. 53Issue 4p550–553Published in issue: October, 2013
                                                  • The Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine
                                                  Cited in Scopus: 23
                                                    Vaccines currently recommended for adolescents by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices have the potential to improve the health of youth by preventing conditions such as: tetanus, pertussis, meningococcal disease, influenza, and genital warts, as well as later adult outcomes such as cervical and other human papillomavirus–related cancers. Adolescent vaccine coverage lags behind that for younger age groups. A requirement to obtain parental consent for vaccination can present a significant barrier to improving adolescent vaccine uptake across all health care settings in which adolescents access care.
                                                  • Adolescent health brief

                                                    Substance Use and Sexual Intercourse Onsets in Adolescence: A Genetically Informative Discordant Twin Design

                                                    Journal of Adolescent Health
                                                    Vol. 54Issue 1p114–116Published online: August 29, 2013
                                                    • Arielle R. Deutsch
                                                    • Wendy S. Slutske
                                                    • Andrew C. Heath
                                                    • Pamela A.F. Madden
                                                    • Nicholas G. Martin
                                                    Cited in Scopus: 8
                                                      Using a genetically informed, discordant twin analysis, the objective of this study was to examine whether earlier onset of drinking and smoking behaviors predicted early sexual intercourse onset.
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