Abstract
Purpose
Violence is the leading cause of death among adolescents and young adults in the Americas.
Community-Based Participatory Action Research engaged youth and parents to develop
and implement two interventions. A Violence Prevention Program (VPP) focused on risk
factors for violence, and a Positive Youth Development Program (PYDP) focused on protective
factors. Program effects on violence outside of and in school were assessed at 6 and
12 months.
Methods
Both interventions included an 8-week internet-based program and an in-person youth
summit. Participants were prospectively randomized twice, first to the VPP and a no-VPP
control group and again to the PYDP and a no-PYDP control group. Participants self-reported
violence outside of and in school through self-administered baseline surveys with
repeat assessments at 6 and 12 months. Analysis of covariance models examined VPP
and PYDP effects on violence.
Results
The analysis sample was 86% Latino, 56% female, 36% aged 10–13 years, 45% aged 14–18,
and 19% aged 19–23 years. Analysis of covariance models of violence outside of school
demonstrated small program interaction effects at 6 months (partial eta2 = .030; p = .007) and small VPP effects at 12 months (partial eta2 = .023; p = .025). Models of violence in school demonstrated small PYDP effects at 6 months
(partial eta2 = .023; p = .018).
Conclusions
Community-Based Participatory Action Research engaging adolescents, young adults,
and parents to address locally relevant health issues can have multiple benefits.
In this study, a VPP had positive effects on violence outside of school at 12 months,
and a PYDP had positive effects on violence in school at 6 months.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 18, 2020
Accepted:
October 4,
2020
Received:
July 6,
2020
Footnotes
Daniel Pineda is now with the University Health System, 4502 Medical Drive MS 45-2 (Corporate Square), San Antonio, TX 78229.
Conflicts of interest: All authors are aware of the Journal’s Conflict of Interest Policy and have no commercial or similar relationships to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
© 2020 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine.
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Access this article on ScienceDirectLinked Article
- Why We Need Primary Youth Violence Prevention Through Community-Based Participatory ResearchJournal of Adolescent HealthVol. 68Issue 2
- PreviewEach year, over 500,000 youth seek care in U.S. emergency departments for assault-related injuries [1]. Middle school-age males in urban environments both witness and directly experience violence at an elevated rate in comparison to their peers, with one national survey showing that 19% had witnessed a shooting or stabbing, and 13% had a weapon pulled on them in the past year [2,3]. Alongside this burden of violence, significant disparities exist in the U.S., with African American and Latino communities experiencing rates of violence and injury far above non-Latino, White peers [1].
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