Abstract
Purpose
This article aims to (1) evaluate whether bullying typology predicts violent injury;
(2) longitudinally examine whether violent injury trajectories differ across bullying
typology as children age; and (3) longitudinally determine whether children who consistently
reported perpetration or victimization (i.e., reported bullying at fifth, seventh,
and 10th grade) were different from children who inconsistently reported perpetration
or victimization.
Methods
Longitudinal data were obtained from 4,297 children at three waves (fifth, seventh,
and 10th grade) in three United States communities. Children were categorized into
four mutually exclusive bullying typologies: neither victim nor perpetrator; victim
only; perpetrator only; victim-perpetrator. Children self-reported mechanisms of violent
injuries that needed medical attention in the past year. Regression models were used
to evaluate the relationship between bullying group and the likelihood of violent
injury over time.
Results
Seventeen percent (n=857) of children in fifth grade reported a violent injury. Prevalence
of overall violent injuries, and specifically firearm and knife injuries, increased
over time. Children who reported perpetration in the absence of victimization were
at increased odds for violent injury (adjusted odds ratio = 1.41, 95% confidence interval:
1.24, 1.60) compared with children who reported neither victimization nor perpetration,
while children who reported victimization in the absence of perpetration were at decreased
odds (adjusted odds ratio=.84, 95% confidence interval: .73, .97). A significant linear
dose-response relationship was observed between duration of bullying perpetration
and violent injury.
Conclusions
The relationship between bullying perpetration and violent injury over time was strong.
Future research should investigate potential mediating behaviors, such as weapon access,
which might explain the observed relationship.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 04, 2019
Accepted:
October 26,
2018
Received:
July 10,
2018
Footnotes
Conflicts of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Identification
Copyright
© 2018 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.
