ABSTRACT
Purpose
To synthesize evidence on the prevalences of stages of change (Transtheoretical Model)
for smoking cessation in adolescents and associated factors.
Methods
A systematic search of Web of Science (Thomson Reuters), SCOPUS (Elsevier), MEDLINE/PubMed,
CINAHL (EBSCO) and PsycINFO (APA) was conducted to identify eligible studies. Two
calibrated reviewers selected studies independently, extracted data, and appraised
studies. A qualitative synthesis of the findings and meta-analysis of the prevalences
of the stages of change for smoking cessation were carried out. A quality effects
model was used to estimate the pooled prevalences.
Results
Eleven studies (N = 6469 adolescents) from five middle- to high-income countries were included in the
review. Precontemplators accounted for 41% of smokers in earlier stages of change
(95%CI: 34%–49%). In such a group, a lowered decisional balance, the lowest self-efficacy,
and highest nicotine dependence were found (p < .05).
Conclusions
A higher overall prevalence of adolescents in precontemplation stage for smoking cessation
was observed. Such group displayed more unfavorable smoking-related behaviors and
characteristics than adolescents in other stages. The evidence is limited due to the
lack of studies in adolescents living in low-income countries.
Keywords
Abbreviations:
TTM (Transtheoretical Model), PC (Precontemplation), C (Contemplation), P (Preparation), A (Action), M (Maintenance.)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 14, 2018
Accepted:
September 5,
2018
Received:
April 2,
2018
Footnotes
Conflicts of Interest: The authors do not have any financial or nonfinancial competing interests for this review.
Identification
Copyright
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