Abstract
Purpose
Adolescent obesity is a powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality, yet amenable
to modifiable behaviors. To accurately summarize the effects of behavioral interventions
on changes in adolescent body mass index and/or weight status, we assessed existing
systematic reviews for reporting transparency and methodological quality.
Methods
Five databases were searched through September 2017 to identify relevant systematic
reviews. Reviews were evaluated for reporting transparency and methodological quality
using PRISMA Reporting Checklist and Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews Instrument.
Evidence was synthesized across high-quality reviews.
Results
Four of twelve systematic reviews were of high methodological quality. All four focused
on the treatment of overweight/obesity in adolescent populations, representing 97
international studies. Findings indicate intervention compared with no intervention/wait
list showed larger effects for improving BMI/BMI z-scores. Small improvements (averaging
a 3.7-kg decrease) in weight/weight percentile were observed following a supervised
exercise plus dietary and/or behavior support intervention. Health-related quality
of life may improve following interventions, but overall attention to associated psychological
variables (depression, self-esteem/perception) is limited.
Conclusions
Adherence to objective checklists and protocols for rigorous conduct and reporting
of systematic reviews is warranted. Consensus evidence is urgently needed to define
and report behavior change interventions related to obesity prevention and treatment.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: October 09, 2018
Accepted:
July 17,
2018
Received:
February 8,
2018
Footnotes
Conflict of Interests: The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose.
Identification
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© 2018 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved.
