Journal of Adolescent Health
Volume 45, Issue 3, Supplement , Pages S57-S63 , September 2009

Associations between State-level Soda Taxes and Adolescent Body Mass Index

  • Lisa M. Powell, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Economics and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to: Lisa M. Powell, Ph.D., University of Illinois at Chicago, Department of Economics and Institute for Health Research and Policy, Chicago, IL60608 United States.
    • ,
  • Jamie Chriqui, Ph.D., M.H.S.

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
    • ,
  • Frank J. Chaloupka, Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Economics and Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois

Received 13 November 2008 ,Accepted 4 March 2009.

References 

  1. Ogden C, Carroll M, Flegal K. High body mass index for age among US children and adolescents, 2003–2006. JAMA. 2008;299:2401–2405
  2. Nielsen SJ, Siega-Riz AM, Popkin BM. Trends in energy intake in U.S. between 1977 and 1996: similar shifts seen across age groups. Obes Res. 2002;10:370–378
  3. Nielsen SJ, Popkin BM. Changes in beverage intake between 1977 and 2001. Am J Prev Med. 2004;27:205–210
  4. Wang YC, Bleich SN, Gortmaker SL. Increasing caloric contribution from sugar-sweetened beverages and 100% fruit juices among US children and adolescents, 1988–2004. Pediatrics. 2008;121:e1604–e1614
  5. French SA, Lin BH, Guthrie JF. National trends in soft drink consumption among children and adolescents age 6 to 17 years: prevalence, amounts, and sources, 1977/1978 to 1994/1998. J Am Diet Assoc. 2003;103:1326–1331
  6. Guthrie JF, Morton JF. Food sources of added sweeteners in the diets of Americans. J Am Diet Assoc. 2000;100:43–51quiz
  7. Malik VS, Schulze MB, Hu FB. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages and weight gain: a systematic review. Am J Clin Nutr. 2006;84:274–288
  8. Vartanian LR, Schwartz MB, Brownell KD. Effects of soft drink consumption on nutrition and health: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Public Health. 2007;97:667–675
  9. Alliance for a Healthier Generation. Memorandum of Understanding Regarding School Beverage Policy. New York: Alliance for a Healthier Generation; 2006;
  10. Mello MM, Pomeranz J, Moran P. The interplay of public health law and industry self-regulation: the case of sugar-sweetened beverage sales in schools. Am J Public Health. 2008;98:595–604
  11. Greves HM, Rivara F. Report card on school snack food policies among the United States' largest school districts in 2004–2005: room for improvement. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006;3:1
  12. O'Toole TP, Anderson S, Miller C, Guthrie J. Nutrition services and foods and beverages available at school: results from the School Health Policies and Programs Study 2006. J Sch Health. 2007;77:500–521
  13. Institute of Medicine. Food Marketing to Children and Youth: Threat or Opportunity?. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press; 2006;
  14. Powell LM, Christopher Auld M, Chaloupka FJ, et al. Access to fast food and food prices: relationship with fruit and vegetable consumption and overweight among adolescents. Adv Health Econ Health Serv Res. 2007;17:23–48
  15. Jacobson MF, Brownell KD. Small taxes on soft drinks and snack foods to promote health. Am J Public Health. 2000;90:854–857
  16. Marshall T. Exploring a fiscal food policy: the case of diet and ischaemic heart disease. BMJ. 2000;320:301–305
  17. Leicester A, Windmeijer F. The “Fat Tax”: Economic Incentive to Reduce Obesity, Briefing Note 4. London: Institute for Fiscal Studies; 2004;1–19
  18. Caraher M, Cowburn G. Taxing food: implications for public health nutrition. Public Health Nutr. 2005;8:1242–1249
  19. Kim D, Kawachi I. Food taxation and pricing strategies to “thin out” the obesity epidemic. Am J Prev Med. 2006;30:430–437
  20. Patrick DL, Murray TP. FY2010 House 1 Budget Recommendation: Policy Brief. Available at: http://www.mass.gov/bb/h1/fy10h1/exec10/hbudbrief19.htm. Accessed 2009.
  21. New York State. 2009–2010 Executive Budget, Briefing Book, Revenue Actions. Available at: http://publications.budget.state.ny.us/eBudget0910/ExecutiveBudget.html. Accessed 2008.
  22. Chriqui JF, Eidson SS, Bates H, et al. State sales tax rates for soft drinks and snacks sold through grocery stores and vending machines, 2007. J Public Health Policy. 2008;29:226–249
  23. Sturm R, Datar A. Body mass index in elementary school children, metropolitan area food prices and food outlet density. Public Health. 2005;119:1059–1068
  24. Sturm R, Datar A. Food prices and weight gain during elementary school: 5-year update. Public Health. 2008;122:1140–1143
  25. Auld MC, Powell LM. Economics of food energy density and adolescent body weight. Economica. 2009;[Epub July 15, 2008]
  26. Powell LM, Bao Y. Food prices, access to food outlets and child weight. Econ Hum Biol. 2009;7:64–72
  27. Chou SY, Rashad I, Grossman M. Fast-Food Restaurant Advertising on Television and Its Influence on Childhood Obesity. National Bureau of Economic Research Working Paper Series 2005;No. 11879.
  28. Chou SY, Rashad I, Grossman M. Fast- food restaurant advertising on television and its influence on childhood obesity. J Law Econ. 2008;51:599–618
  29. Mersky RM, Dunn DJ. Fundamentals of Legal Research. 8th ed. New York: Foundation Press; 2002;
  30. Stone GR, Seidman LM, Sunstein CRTMV. Constitutional Law. 4th ed. New York: Aspen; 2001;
  31. Federation of Tax Administrators. State sales tax rates: January 1, 2007. Federation of Tax Administrators. Available at: http://www.taxadmin.org/fta/rate/sales.html. 2007.
  32. Johnston LD, O'Malley PM, Bachman JG, Schulenberg JE. Monitoring the Future: National Survey Results on Drug Use, 1975–2003. Volume I: Secondary School Students. Bethesda, MD: National Institute on Drug Abuse; 2004;NIH Publication No. 04-5507
  33. Kuczmarski MF, Kuczmarski RJ, Najjar M. Effects of age on validity of self-reported height, weight, and body mass index: findings from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. 1988–1994. J Am Diet Assoc. 2001;101:28–34
  34. U.S.Census Bureau. Census 2000 Summary File 3 Technical Documentation. 2002.
  35. Froot KA. Consistent covariance matrix estimation with cross-sectional dependence and heteroskedasticity in financial data. J Financial Quant Anal. 1989;24:333–355
  36. Orzechowski and Walker. Tax Burden on Tobacco. Arlington, VA: Orzechowski and Walker; 2008;
  37. Congressional Budget Office (CBO). Budget Options, Volume 1: Health Care. Washington, DC: Congressional Budget Office (Option 106); 2008;

PII: S1054-139X(09)00106-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2009.03.003

Journal of Adolescent Health
Volume 45, Issue 3, Supplement , Pages S57-S63 , September 2009

Article Tools