Erratum: a systematic review of school-based smoking prevention trials with long-term follow-up
Article Outline
We incorrectly reported a study description on a trial by Dent et al [1] that did not follow up participants to at least 12th grade or age 18, and did not report the appropriate study description on a study by Sussman et al [2] that did meet our inclusion criteria. As a result of this error, several sections of our article require revision.
The paragraph on page 165 beginning “Dent et al [26] …” should read “In another study of the Project Toward No Drug Abuse by Sussman et al (TND-2), 18 alternative schools were block randomized to one of two intervention groups or a control group [2]. One of the intervention groups was similar to the classroom program (‘Class’) described in the other Sussman et al article reviewed (TND-1) [3], in which highly skilled health educators led the sessions. The other intervention group was similar in content but was a self-instructional programmed learning delivery (‘Self’), with health educators available as resources if needed. Three additional sessions were added to their earlier TND-1 curriculum, one of which focused on smoking cessation. A total of 1220 students aged 14 to 19 years completed the baseline survey, of which 1037 had parental consent to be contacted in the future. One year following the 12-session intervention, 69% of students with parental consent were resurveyed either in class or over the phone, of which 332 were aged 18 years or older and were included in this analysis. Although there were statistically significant differences in monthly smoking between the class and control groups reported in the manuscript, no statistically significant differences were found in the subset of older participants meeting this review paper’s inclusion criteria.”
Table 3 Smoking prevalence at study follow-up evaluation in 12th grade or age 18.
The study named “Dent et al [26]” should be replaced by “Sussman et al” and “School as community” should be replaced by “Self-instructional.” Otherwise, the data reported are correct.
Table 2. Characteristics of included trials The row with study named “Dent et al.[26]” should be deleted and replaced with the information as described above for Sussman et al (TND-2).
| Study author | # of Subj. | # Rand groupsa | Grade level | Retention | Length of f/u | Program type | Program intensity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Botvin | 5954 | 56 | 7th–9th | 60% | 6 years/12th grade | Drug resistance, personal self-management, and generic social skills | 15 sessions in 7th grade with 10 and 5 sessions in 9th and 10th grades (30 total) |
| Ellickson | 6527 | 30 | 7th–8th | 57% | 5 years/12th grade | Health belief model and self-efficacy theory of behavior change | 8 lessons in 7th grade with 3 booster sessions in 8th grade |
| Flay | 560 | 22 | 6th–8th | 81% | 6 years/12th grade | Social influences | 6 1-hour sessions in 6th grade with booster sessions in 7th/8th grades |
| Lynam | 2071 | 31 | 6th | 48% | 10 years/19–21 years old | DARE curriculum with informational, affective and social influence approaches | 17 1-hour sessions in 6th grade |
| Peterson | 7865 | 40 | 3rd–10th | 94% | 9–11 years/12th grade, 2 years post-HS | Social influences plus motivational, self-confidence, family influence components | 9 sessions in 3rd–5th, 10 sessions in 6th–7th, 8 sessions in 8th, 5 sessions in 9th–10th (65 total) |
| Shean | 2366 | 45 | 7th | 37% | 7 years/12th grade | Social influences plus health effects | 5 sessions in 7th grade |
| Sussman (TND-1) | 782b | 21 | 11th subset | 67% | 1 year/12th grade | Health motivation, social skills, decision-making approach | 9 sessions over 3 weeks school-wide |
| Sussman (TND-2) | 332b | 18 | 11th subset | 69% | 1 year/12th grade | Health motivation, social skills, decision-making approach | 12 sessions over 4 weeks school-wide |
a Number of total randomized groups (including intervention and control arms). |
b Number of 11th grade students at follow-up (total number of students enrolled is 2001 in TND-1 and 1220 in TND-2). |
References
- . Project Towards No Drug Abuse (generalizability to a general high school sample) . Prev Med . 2001;32(6):514–520
- . Project towards no drug abuse (a review of the findings and future directions) . Am J Health Behav . 2002;26(5):354–365
- . One-year outcomes of Project Towards No Drug Abuse . Prev Med . 1998;27(4):632–642
PII: S1054-139X(05)00196-5
doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2005.03.016
© 2005 Society for Adolescent Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Refers to article:
- A systematic review of school-based smoking prevention trials with long-term follow-up
